Which is considered an example of a hate crime under the Clery Act?

A hate crime, as defined under the Clery Act, involves criminal actions that are motivated, in whole or in part, by bias against a person or group based on race, religion, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity. Vandalism against a religious institution fits this definition, as it involves targeting a specific group based on religious beliefs, which illustrates a bias.

This type of crime is specifically covered under federal law because it signifies not just an offense against an individual but against a community or a group, based on their identity or beliefs. The intent to harm or intimidate a community can serve to perpetuate fear and division, which is why such acts are closely monitored under the Clery Act.

Other scenarios, like burglary motivated by greed, assault motivated by personal rivalry, or theft of personal property, do not indicate bias against a specific group and thus do not fall under the definition of hate crimes as prescribed by the Clery Act. These acts are considered crimes in their own categories, but lack the element of bias that qualifies them as hate crimes.